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Introduction
2,4-D is the most widely used herbicide in the world, and as such, it has been extensively reviewed by a variety of government regulatory organizations throughout countries spanning the globe. Some of the key government reviews and labeling decisions regarding the registration and continued use of products containing 2,4-D are listed here. If you do not find the information you are looking for below, please contact the Task Force at info@24d.org.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Reregistration Eligibility Decision
Concluded in 2005, this 17-year comprehensive review and assessment of 2,4-D under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) reregistration program for older pesticides found that the short and long-term effects of using 2,4-D were “not of concern” when users followed product label instructions. These findings were part of the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for 2,4-D, an evaluative process that all pesticides registered in the U.S. must undergo periodically to ensure that they do not pose health or environmental risks when used as directed. The complete RED can be found here: 24d_red.pdf. More information about the EPA’s RED can be found in this Backgrounder.
Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency Re-evaluation Decision
In May 2008, the Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) issued its Re-evaluation Decision regarding the continued registration of 2,4-D for use in Canadian provinces. 2,4-D has been registered and labeled for use in Canada for decades and similar to the U.S. EPA, the PMRA requires periodic reviews of all pesticides and herbicides to ensure that they continue to meet evolving health and environmental standards for safe use. This most recent review of 2,4-D concluded that the herbicide can continue to be used safely as labeled for a variety of applications. The complete text of the PMRA decision can be found here: CANADA-PMRA-RVD-2008-11-May-2008.pdf. More information about the PMRA 2008 Re-evaluation Decision can be found in this Backgrounder.
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announces Decision Not to Initiate a Special Review of 2,4-D. August 8, 2007.
- European Commission; Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General Review Report on 2,4-D, 2001.
- Health Canada Minister's Response to petition of Kazimiera J. Cottam to the Auditor General of Canada. February 1, 2005
- Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency, Re-evaluation of the Agriculture, Forestry, Aquatic and Industrial Site Uses of 2,4-D Proposed Acceptability for Continuing Registration, June 19, 2007.
- Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency, Re-evaluation of the Agriculture, Forestry, Aquatic and Industrial Site Uses of 2,4-D Proposed Acceptability for Continuing Registration, June 19, 2007.
- Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency; Re-evaluation Decision (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy) acetic Acid [2,4-D]. RVD2008-11. 16 May 2008.
- Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency; Re-evaluation of the Lawn and Turf Uses of 2,4-D, Proposed Acceptability for Continuing Registration, PACR2005-01. February 21, 2005
- Health Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agency, 2,4-D Update and Label Improvement Program, November 23, 1994.
- New Zealand Environmental Risk Management Authority; Substances to be transferred to the HSNO Act under section 160(1)(a): Phenoxy Herbicides, 2003.
- New Zealand Pesticides Board; Report of the Pesticides Board Expert Panel on 2,4-D, September 11, 2000.
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment; Exposure Studies in the Use of Pesticides in the Home and Garden and for Landscape Pest Control, The Canadian Centre for Toxicology, University of Guelph, 1991.
- U.S. EPA; 2,4-D Pesticide Tolerance, United States Environmental Protection Agency Docket ID OPP-2005-0038. Federal Register Notice 70-143, July 27, 2005.
- U.S. EPA; 2,4-D: Response to Public Comments, United States Environmental Protection Agency Docket ID OPP-2004-0167-0090. December 16, 2004.
- U.S. EPA; Carcinogenicity Peer Review (4th) of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). United States Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, January 29, 1997.
- U.S. EPA; Overview of the 2,4-D Risk Assessments, United States Environmental Protection Agency Docket ID OPP-2004-0167-0002. Federal Register Notice 69-120, June 23, 2004.
- U.S. EPA; Review of a Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Study in Rats/Mice and a Re-review of a Developmental Toxicity Study in Rats, May 13, 1996.
- U.S. EPA; Review of recent 2,4-D cancer epidemiology studies, United States Environmental Protection Agency Docket ID OPP-2004-0167-0089. December 8, 2004.
- U.S. EPA; Review of the Epidemiological and Other Data on the Potential Carcinogenicity of 2,4?D by the SAB/SAP Joint Committee, United States Environmental Protection Agency, March 22, 1994
- Washington State Department of Ecology; Herbicide Risk Assessment for the Aquatic Plant Management, Appendix C, Volume 3: 2,4-D, Section 5, Human Health Effects, 2001.
- World Health Organization; Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. Third Edition. Geneva. World Health Organization, pp. 340-342, 2003.
- World Health Organization; Pesticide Residues in Food, Residue Evaluations for 2,4-D, Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Expert Group on Pesticide Residues, Rome, September 30, 1998.
- World Health Organization; Pesticide Residues in Food, Toxicological Evaluations for 2,4-D, Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Expert Group on Pesticide Residues, Rome, September 25, 1996.
- World Health Organization; Pesticide Residues in Food, Toxicology and Environmental Evaluations for 2,4-D, Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group. Lyon, France, 22 September - 1 October 1997
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Copyright 2010 Industry Task Force II on 2,4-D Research Data
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